A health care profession founded in 1874 by Dr. Andrew T.

Manual osteopathy; depending on jurisdiction also known as osteopathy, pure osteopathy, European osteopathy, drug-less osteopathy, and osteopathic manual practice; is a health care profession founded in 1874 by American physician, Dr. Andrew T. Still, that focuses on disorders of the neuromusculoskeletal and joint system, and the effects of these disorders on general health. Manual osteopathic care is used most often to treat neuromusculoskeletal and joints complaints, including but not limited to back pain, neck pain, pain in the joints of the arms or legs, and headaches. Manual osteopaths practice a drug-free, hands-on approach to health care. In addition to manual therapy they are also trained to recommend therapeutic and rehabilitative exercises, as well as to provide nutritional, dietary and lifestyle counselling and administer physiological therapeutic modalities.